Convicções de saúde e câncer infantil: um estudo de familiares em casas de apoio
Carregando...
Arquivos
Data
2016-03-18
Autores
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Universidade Metodista de São Paulo
Resumo
O câncer é a principal patologia responsável por óbitos entre crianças e adolescentes do Brasil e a estimativa mostra que haverá uma crescente incidência de novos casos ano após ano. O tratamento para esta doença crônica é longo, doloroso e angustiante e a possibilidade de morte segue o paciente e a família o tempo todo neste processo. Além disso, a rede de assistência à saúde de muitas regiões do nosso país não está preparada para prestar os serviços necessários para esta população, sendo assim, crianças e acompanhantes são transferidos para centros oncológicos de referência que muitas vezes ficam deveras distantes de seus lares. Portanto, os objetivos deste estudo visam à descrição das convicções de saúde das cuidadoras de crianças com câncer acolhidas por casas de apoio da cidade de São Paulo, bem como à compreensão da influência que estas convicções de saúde exercem no papel de cuidador. Foram entrevistadas 10 mulheres, em sua grande maioria mães, de infantes com idade entre 04 e 13 anos que estavam sob o tratamento contra o câncer ou em período de remissão e controle. Os dados levantados foram analisados de acordo com o modelo de pesquisa em “convicções de saúde” que avalia o impacto do diagnóstico, a suscetibilidade, a severidade, os benefícios, as barreiras, a eficácia própria e as expectativas para futuro segundo a percepção de cada cuidador. Os resultados apontam que desde o diagnóstico até a última consulta do período de controle a angústia, a ansiedade, a insegurança e o medo estão presentes na rotina destas mulheres. Também, o distanciamento de seus lares, dos familiares e de suas atividades corriqueiras é um fator que agrava significantemente o sofrimento intenso que esta experiência causa. Diante destes resultados recomenda-se mais atenção psicossocial das equipes multidisciplinares das casas de apoio e da rede de assistência à saúde com o propósito de diminuir a carga emocional e reduzir os danos psíquicos causados pelo câncer e seu respectivo tratamento. Espera-se que mudanças neste âmbito possibilitem às famílias um melhor convívio com a doença e a inevitável transferência para outros centros de atendimento, bem como restabeleça aspectos fundamentais da qualidade de vida de cuidadores de pacientes oncológicos infantis.
Cancer is the main pathology responsible for deaths among children and adolescents in Brazil and the estimate shows that there is a growing incidence of new cases year after year. The treatment for this chronic disease is long, painful and distressing and the possibility of death follows the patient and family all the time in this process. Besides, the health care network in many regions of our country is not prepared to provide the necessary services for this population, therefore, children and caregivers are transferred to cancer centers of reference which are often indeed far from their homes. Therefore, the objectives of this study are aimed at the description of the health beliefs of caregivers of children with cancer welcomed by support houses of São Paulo and to understand the influence that this health beliefs have on the role of caregiver. 10 women were interviewed, mostly mothers of infants aged from 04 to 13 years who were under treatment for cancer or in remission and control period. The collected data were analyzed according to the research model in "health beliefs" which assesses the impact of the diagnosis, susceptibility, severity, benefits, barriers, self-efficacy and expectations for the future according to the perception of each caregiver. The results show that from diagnosis until the last visit of the control period anguish, anxiety, insecurity and fear are present in the routine of these women and the distance of their homes, the extended family and their everyday activities is a factor that significantly aggravates the intense suffering that this experience cause. From these results it is recommended that more psychosocial care from multidisciplinary teams of support houses and health care network in order to lessen the emotional burden and reduce the psychological damage caused by cancer and their processing. It is expected that changes in this area allow families a better living with the disease and the inevitable transfer to oncology centers, as well as re-establish basic aspects of quality of life of children cancer patients caregivers.
Cancer is the main pathology responsible for deaths among children and adolescents in Brazil and the estimate shows that there is a growing incidence of new cases year after year. The treatment for this chronic disease is long, painful and distressing and the possibility of death follows the patient and family all the time in this process. Besides, the health care network in many regions of our country is not prepared to provide the necessary services for this population, therefore, children and caregivers are transferred to cancer centers of reference which are often indeed far from their homes. Therefore, the objectives of this study are aimed at the description of the health beliefs of caregivers of children with cancer welcomed by support houses of São Paulo and to understand the influence that this health beliefs have on the role of caregiver. 10 women were interviewed, mostly mothers of infants aged from 04 to 13 years who were under treatment for cancer or in remission and control period. The collected data were analyzed according to the research model in "health beliefs" which assesses the impact of the diagnosis, susceptibility, severity, benefits, barriers, self-efficacy and expectations for the future according to the perception of each caregiver. The results show that from diagnosis until the last visit of the control period anguish, anxiety, insecurity and fear are present in the routine of these women and the distance of their homes, the extended family and their everyday activities is a factor that significantly aggravates the intense suffering that this experience cause. From these results it is recommended that more psychosocial care from multidisciplinary teams of support houses and health care network in order to lessen the emotional burden and reduce the psychological damage caused by cancer and their processing. It is expected that changes in this area allow families a better living with the disease and the inevitable transfer to oncology centers, as well as re-establish basic aspects of quality of life of children cancer patients caregivers.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Câncer infantil, Cuidadores, Convicções de Saúde, Psicologia da Saúde, Psicooncologia, Childhood cancer, Caregivers, Health Belief, Health Psychology, Psychooncology
Citação
DIAS, Ana Luiza. Convicções de saúde e câncer infantil: um estudo de familiares em casas de apoio. 2016. 156 folhas. Dissertação (Psicologia da Saúde) - Universidade Metodista de São Paulo, São Bernardo do Campo.