Mulheres em cadeira de rodas e a relação com a deficiência adquirida: problemas, superações e possibilidades
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Data
2022-12-06
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Universidade Metodista de São Paulo
Resumo
As questões sobre deficiência, acessibilidade e violência permeiam a rotina das pessoas que possuem alguma limitação física, intelectual e/ou sensorial. Esta pesquisa propôs compreender as experiências das mulheres cadeirantes com deficiência física adquirida e o uso da cadeira de rodas, identificando como ocorrem as adaptações, as dificuldades enfrentadas após aquisição desta nova condição e levantar as estratégias de enfrentamento, atitudes e obstáculos nesta situação. A pesquisa foi de caráter quantitativo e qualitativo exploratório. A coleta de dados foi realizada pela aplicação do instrumento World Health Disability Assessment Schedule – WHODAS 2.0 e por meio de entrevista semiestruturada analisada pela Análise de Conteúdo (Bardin, 1977). As participantes foram 10 mulheres, na faixa etária entre 35 e 65 anos, com deficiência física adquirida que utilizam cadeira de rodas. Dos resultados alcançados, identificou-se que a deficiência foi adquirida por acidentes, violências e doenças. Os dados mostraram que as participantes têm comprometimento funcional e encontraram estratégias para superar limitações e incapacidades expressas pelas pessoas e que são incompatíveis com a deficiência física e o uso de cadeira de rodas. Neste contexto, elas desenvolveram estratégias de superação de limites, tanto esclarecendo e afirmando a terceiros que não são incapacitadas, e também como conseguiram compreender que os estigmas que recebem advêm de pouca ou nenhuma informação sobre as deficiências. Quanto ao uso da cadeira de rodas, esta tecnologia assistiva possibilita a autonomia e independência das mulheres, além de ressignificar a autoimagem. Conclui-se que é relevante e necessário a compreensão da sociedade de que pessoas com deficiência tenham plena e efetiva participação social em igualdade com as demais pessoas, respeitando a liberdade, os direitos de cidadania e disponibilizando adaptações e recursos para a qualidade de vida desse público; e que algumas mulheres buscaram atendimento psicológico após a aquisição da deficiência e o uso da cadeira de rodas.
Questions about disability, accessibility and violence permeate the routine of people who have some physical, intellectual and/or sensory limitation. This research proposed to understand the experiences of women in wheelchairs with acquired physical disabilities and the use of the wheelchair, identifying how adaptations occur, the difficulties faced after acquiring this new condition and raising the coping strategies, attitudes and obstacles in this situation. The research was of an exploratory quantitative and qualitative character. Data collection was performed by applying the World Health Disability Assessment Schedule – WHODAS 2.0 instrument and through a semi-structured interview analyzed by Content Analysis (Bardin, 1977). The participants were 10 women, aged between 35 and 65 years old, with acquired physical disabilities who use a wheelchair. From the results achieved, it was identified that the disability was acquired by accidents, violence and diseases. The data showed that the participants have functional impairment and found strategies to overcome limitations and disabilities expressed by people that are incompatible with physical disability and the use of a wheelchair. In this context, they developed strategies to overcome limits, both clarifying and affirming to others that they are not disabled, and also as they managed to understand that the stigmas they receive come from little or no information about disabilities. As for the use of a wheelchair, this assistive technology enables women's autonomy and independence, in addition to redefining their self-image. It is concluded that it is relevant and necessary for society to understand that people with disabilities have full and effective social participation on an equal basis with other people, respecting freedom, citizenship rights and providing adaptations and resources for the quality of life of this public; and that some women sought psychological care after acquiring the disability and using a wheelchair.
Questions about disability, accessibility and violence permeate the routine of people who have some physical, intellectual and/or sensory limitation. This research proposed to understand the experiences of women in wheelchairs with acquired physical disabilities and the use of the wheelchair, identifying how adaptations occur, the difficulties faced after acquiring this new condition and raising the coping strategies, attitudes and obstacles in this situation. The research was of an exploratory quantitative and qualitative character. Data collection was performed by applying the World Health Disability Assessment Schedule – WHODAS 2.0 instrument and through a semi-structured interview analyzed by Content Analysis (Bardin, 1977). The participants were 10 women, aged between 35 and 65 years old, with acquired physical disabilities who use a wheelchair. From the results achieved, it was identified that the disability was acquired by accidents, violence and diseases. The data showed that the participants have functional impairment and found strategies to overcome limitations and disabilities expressed by people that are incompatible with physical disability and the use of a wheelchair. In this context, they developed strategies to overcome limits, both clarifying and affirming to others that they are not disabled, and also as they managed to understand that the stigmas they receive come from little or no information about disabilities. As for the use of a wheelchair, this assistive technology enables women's autonomy and independence, in addition to redefining their self-image. It is concluded that it is relevant and necessary for society to understand that people with disabilities have full and effective social participation on an equal basis with other people, respecting freedom, citizenship rights and providing adaptations and resources for the quality of life of this public; and that some women sought psychological care after acquiring the disability and using a wheelchair.
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Palavras-chave
Psicologia, Cadeirantes, Violência, Enfrentamento, Psychology, Wheelchair users, Violence, Coping
Citação
FIGARO, Fernanda Bertasso. Mulheres em cadeira de rodas e a relação com a deficiência adquirida: problemas, superações e possibilidades. 2022. 241 folhas. Dissertação (Psicologia da Saúde) - Universidade Metodista de São Paulo, São Bernardo do Campo, 2022.