Ensino de filosofia no ensino médio e formação emancipatória: uma proposta inspirada em T. W. Adorno
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Data
2025-02-28
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Universidade Metodista de São Paulo
Resumo
O ambiente escolar é o local em que se evidencia o quanto a filosofia e as demais disciplinas da grande área de humanas são pouco valorizadas. Ressaltamos que a filosofia nunca ocupou espaço privilegiado na educação básica brasileira. Os problemas de pesquisa que se colocam diante deste cenário desfavorável para a disciplina, são: (1) qual a função desta disciplina na formação do jovem estudante do ensino médio? e (2) de que forma a filosofia deverá atuar para promover as capacidades as quais a ela são designadas, considerando a Reforma do Ensino Médio (REM) e a Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC)? A metodologia escolhida para o desenvolvimento do trabalho é pesquisa bibliográfica e análise documental. Fundamentando-nos na interpretação dos escritos sobre educação de Adorno (1950-1969) e propondo uma reinterpretação atualizada destes, procuraremos neste trabalho apontar caminhos que possam auxiliar o professor de filosofia a extenuar ao máximo as capacidades que a filosofia pode vir a contribuir no tocante a formação desses jovens. O método predominante no trabalho é o hipotético dedutivo, no primeiro momento, porém a predominância deste é o hipotético-indutivo. Nossa hipótese que sustenta esse trabalho é de que a disciplina de filosofia auxilia o discente da Educação Básica a se desenvolver no que se refere à sua formação emancipatória. Os objetivos desta pesquisa são: (1) destacar o papel designado para a filosofia na formação dos jovens da Educação Básica Brasileira, desde a redação da Lei de Diretrizes e Bases da Educação (LDB, Lei 9394/1996) até os dias atuais, com o fim da sua obrigatoriedade e a implementação da Nova BNCC; (2) descrever a noção de experiência formativa adorniana e, a partir de nossa interpretação contextualizada dos escritos, posteriormente, reinterpretá-las; (3) propor metodologias replicáveis que possam ser utilizadas na disciplina de filosofia no ensino básico fundamentadas na reinterpretação dos estudos de Adorno. Estas poderão compor futuro curso de formação continuada aos docentes da área. A justificativa se deve ao reconhecimento do pouco prestígio da filosofia e do seu ensino no Brasil. Como resultados esperados pretendemos mostrar como Adorno pode ser reinterpretado para os dias atuais para pensar formas de otimizar a promoção da formação do discente, o que configuraria um legado de contribuição social desta pesquisa.
The school environment is the place where it becomes clear how little value philosophy and other disciplines in the humanities are given. We would like to emphasize that philosophy has never occupied a privileged place in Brazilian basic education. The research problems that arise in view of this unfavorable scenario for the discipline are: (1) what is the role of this discipline in the education of young high school students? and (2) how should philosophy act to promote the capabilities to which it is assigned, considering the High School Reform (REM) and the National Common Curricular Base (BNCC)? The methodology chosen for the development of the work is bibliographical research and documentary analysis. Based on the interpretation of Adorno's writings on education (1950-1969) and proposing an updated reinterpretation of them, we will seek in this work to point out ways that can help philosophy teachers to maximize the capabilities that philosophy can contribute to the education of these young people. The predominant method used in this study is the hypothetical-deductive method, at first, but the predominant method is the hypothetical-inductive method. Our hypothesis that supports this study is that the discipline of philosophy helps students in Basic Education to develop their emancipatory education. The objectives of this research are: (1) to highlight the role assigned to philosophy in the education of young people in Brazilian Basic Education, since the drafting of the Law of Guidelines and Bases of Education (LDB, Law 9394/1996) to the present day, with the end of its mandatory nature and the implementation of the New BNCC; (2) to describe the notion of Adorno's formative experience and, based on our contextualized interpretation of the writings, subsequently reinterpret them; (3) to propose replicable methodologies that can be used in the discipline of philosophy in basic education based on the reinterpretation of Adorno's studies. These could be part of a future continuing education course for teachers in the area. The justification is due to the recognition of the low prestige of philosophy and its teaching in Brazil. As expected results, we intend to show how Adorno can be reinterpreted for the present day to think of ways to optimize the promotion of student education, which would configure a legacy of social contribution of this research.
The school environment is the place where it becomes clear how little value philosophy and other disciplines in the humanities are given. We would like to emphasize that philosophy has never occupied a privileged place in Brazilian basic education. The research problems that arise in view of this unfavorable scenario for the discipline are: (1) what is the role of this discipline in the education of young high school students? and (2) how should philosophy act to promote the capabilities to which it is assigned, considering the High School Reform (REM) and the National Common Curricular Base (BNCC)? The methodology chosen for the development of the work is bibliographical research and documentary analysis. Based on the interpretation of Adorno's writings on education (1950-1969) and proposing an updated reinterpretation of them, we will seek in this work to point out ways that can help philosophy teachers to maximize the capabilities that philosophy can contribute to the education of these young people. The predominant method used in this study is the hypothetical-deductive method, at first, but the predominant method is the hypothetical-inductive method. Our hypothesis that supports this study is that the discipline of philosophy helps students in Basic Education to develop their emancipatory education. The objectives of this research are: (1) to highlight the role assigned to philosophy in the education of young people in Brazilian Basic Education, since the drafting of the Law of Guidelines and Bases of Education (LDB, Law 9394/1996) to the present day, with the end of its mandatory nature and the implementation of the New BNCC; (2) to describe the notion of Adorno's formative experience and, based on our contextualized interpretation of the writings, subsequently reinterpret them; (3) to propose replicable methodologies that can be used in the discipline of philosophy in basic education based on the reinterpretation of Adorno's studies. These could be part of a future continuing education course for teachers in the area. The justification is due to the recognition of the low prestige of philosophy and its teaching in Brazil. As expected results, we intend to show how Adorno can be reinterpreted for the present day to think of ways to optimize the promotion of student education, which would configure a legacy of social contribution of this research.
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Palavras-chave
Papel da filosofia, Reforma do Ensino Médio e BNCC, Filosofia na BNCC, Coisificação ou Reificação e Emancipação, Experiência formativa, Role of philosophy, High School Reform and BNCC, Philosophy in BNCC, Objectification or Reification and Emancipation, Formative experience
Citação
RODRIGUES, Priscilla da Silva. Ensino de filosofia no ensino médio e formação emancipatória: uma proposta inspirada em T. W. Adorno. 2025. 224 f. Tese (Educação) -Diretoria de Pós-Graduação e Pesquisa, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação da Universidade Metodista de São Paulo, São Bernardo do Campo, 2025.