A universidade em travessia: ensino-pesquisa como horizonte e o legado de Anísio Teixeira para uma ressignificação brasileira
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Data
2025-08-13
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Universidade Metodista de São Paulo
Resumo
A universidade brasileira enfrenta uma crise de legitimidade no século XXI, pressionada entre sua missão histórica de formação crítica e produção de conhecimento socialmente relevante e as demandas por eficiência, produtivismo e adequação mercadológica. Neste cenário, a integração entre ensino e pesquisa emerge como princípio estruturante capaz de revitalizar a relevância institucional e responder aos desafios contemporâneos de inclusão, inovação e cidadania. Embora o pensamento de Anísio Teixeira ofereça fundamentos valiosos para esta integração, persiste uma lacuna significativa na literatura educacional brasileira: a ausência de estudos que articulem seu legado teórico com os sentidos atribuídos à integração ensino- pesquisa por gestores universitários contemporâneos, resultando em diretrizes concretas para a reinvenção institucional. A originalidade desta tese reside precisamente nesta articulação, que transcende a análise histórica ou diagnóstica para propor um framework propositivo de ressignificação universitária. O objetivo central investiga como a integração ensino-pesquisa, conforme defendida por Teixeira e ressignificada por gestores contemporâneos, pode ser operacionalizada para assegurar a relevância das universidades brasileiras, promovendo simultaneamente excelência acadêmica e compromisso social. Metodologicamente, a pesquisa adota uma abordagem narrativa com inspiração hermenêutica, fundamentada em entrevistas semiestruturadas com sete gestores de instituições públicas e privadas, selecionados por sua experiência em gestão estratégica e inovação pedagógica. A análise interpretativa das narrativas revela que os sentidos atribuídos à integração ensino-pesquisa pelos gestores transcendem arranjos institucionais formais, constituindo princípio epistemológico e ético que orienta práticas transformadoras. Os resultados demonstram que, apesar de obstáculos estruturais como fragmentação organizacional e sistemas de avaliação que dissociam ensino e pesquisa, experiências inovadoras de integração, especialmente através de metodologias ativas e currículos flexíveis, estão associadas a maior relevância social e capacidade de inovação institucional. A principal contribuição da tese é a proposição de cinco diretrizes articuladas para a ressignificação da universidade brasileira: formação docente baseada na pesquisa, currículos integradores e flexíveis, gestão democrática e participativa, sustentabilidade financeira com preservação da autonomia, e inclusão social como estratégia de excelência acadêmica. Estas diretrizes, fundamentadas tanto no pensamento teixeiriano quanto nas experiências concretas narradas pelos gestores, oferecem um horizonte propositivo para a universidade brasileira do século XXI: uma instituição simultaneamente crítica e propositiva, autônoma e socialmente referenciada, universal em suas aspirações científicas e profundamente brasileira em sua concepção, organização e compromisso social. O presente trabalho foi realizado com apoio da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - Brasil (CAPES) sob o Código de Financiamento 001.
Brazilian universities face a legitimacy crisis in the 21st century, pressured between their historical mission of critical education and production of socially relevant knowledge and the demands for efficiency, productivism, and market adaptation. In this scenario, the integration between teaching and research emerges as a structuring principle capable of revitalising institutional relevance and responding to contemporary challenges of inclusion, innovation, and citizenship. Although Anísio Teixeira's thought offers valuable foundations for this integration, a significant gap persists in Brazilian educational literature: the absence of studies that articulate his theoretical legacy with the meanings attributed to teaching-research integration by contemporary university managers, resulting in concrete guidelines for institutional reinvention. The originality of this thesis lies precisely in this articulation, which transcends historical or diagnostic analysis to propose a propositional framework for university resignification. The central objective investigates how teaching-research integration, as advocated by Teixeira and resignified by contemporary managers, can be operationalised to ensure the relevance of Brazilian universities, simultaneously promoting academic excellence and social commitment. Methodologically, the research adopts a narrative approach with hermeneutic inspiration, based on semi-structured interviews with seven managers from public and private institutions, selected for their experience in strategic management and pedagogical innovation. The interpretative analysis of the narratives reveals that the meanings attributed to teaching-research integration by managers transcend formal institutional arrangements, constituting an epistemological and ethical principle that guides transformative practices. The results demonstrate that, despite structural obstacles such as organisational fragmentation and evaluation systems that dissociate teaching and research, innovative integration experiences— especially through active methodologies and flexible curricula—are associated with greater social relevance and institutional innovation capacity. The main contribution of the thesis is the proposition of five articulated guidelines for the resignification of the Brazilian university: teacher training based on research, integrative and flexible curricula, democratic and participatory management, financial sustainability with preservation of autonomy, and social inclusion as a strategy for academic excellence. These guidelines, grounded both in Teixeira's thought and in the concrete experiences narrated by the managers, offer a propositional horizon for the Brazilian university of the 21st century: an institution simultaneously critical and propositional, autonomous and socially referenced, universal in its scientific aspirations and profoundly Brazilian in its conception, organisation, and social commitment. This study was financed in part by the Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel – Brazil (CAPES) – Finance Code 001.
Brazilian universities face a legitimacy crisis in the 21st century, pressured between their historical mission of critical education and production of socially relevant knowledge and the demands for efficiency, productivism, and market adaptation. In this scenario, the integration between teaching and research emerges as a structuring principle capable of revitalising institutional relevance and responding to contemporary challenges of inclusion, innovation, and citizenship. Although Anísio Teixeira's thought offers valuable foundations for this integration, a significant gap persists in Brazilian educational literature: the absence of studies that articulate his theoretical legacy with the meanings attributed to teaching-research integration by contemporary university managers, resulting in concrete guidelines for institutional reinvention. The originality of this thesis lies precisely in this articulation, which transcends historical or diagnostic analysis to propose a propositional framework for university resignification. The central objective investigates how teaching-research integration, as advocated by Teixeira and resignified by contemporary managers, can be operationalised to ensure the relevance of Brazilian universities, simultaneously promoting academic excellence and social commitment. Methodologically, the research adopts a narrative approach with hermeneutic inspiration, based on semi-structured interviews with seven managers from public and private institutions, selected for their experience in strategic management and pedagogical innovation. The interpretative analysis of the narratives reveals that the meanings attributed to teaching-research integration by managers transcend formal institutional arrangements, constituting an epistemological and ethical principle that guides transformative practices. The results demonstrate that, despite structural obstacles such as organisational fragmentation and evaluation systems that dissociate teaching and research, innovative integration experiences— especially through active methodologies and flexible curricula—are associated with greater social relevance and institutional innovation capacity. The main contribution of the thesis is the proposition of five articulated guidelines for the resignification of the Brazilian university: teacher training based on research, integrative and flexible curricula, democratic and participatory management, financial sustainability with preservation of autonomy, and social inclusion as a strategy for academic excellence. These guidelines, grounded both in Teixeira's thought and in the concrete experiences narrated by the managers, offer a propositional horizon for the Brazilian university of the 21st century: an institution simultaneously critical and propositional, autonomous and socially referenced, universal in its scientific aspirations and profoundly Brazilian in its conception, organisation, and social commitment. This study was financed in part by the Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel – Brazil (CAPES) – Finance Code 001.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Integração ensino-pesquisa, Anísio Teixeira, Educação superior brasileira, Pesquisa narrativa, Ressignificação universitária, Teaching-research integration, Brazilian higher education, Narrative research, Propositional framework
Citação
SANTOS, Rodrigo Oliveira. A universidade em travessia: ensino-pesquisa como horizonte e o legado de Anísio Teixeira para uma ressignificação brasileira. 2025. 279 fls. Tese (Doutorado em Educação) --Diretoria de Pós-Graduação e Pesquisa, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação da Universidade Metodista de São Paulo, São Bernardo do Campo, 2025.
