Trajetórias e memórias de mulheres evangélicas: a legitimação religiosa do abuso sexual em discursos pastorais
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2025-02-26
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Universidade Metodista de São Paulo
Resumo
A legitimação religiosa do abuso sexual é um fenômeno complexo e de profundas implicações sociológicas, especialmente no contexto das igrejas evangélicas brasileiras. Este estudo investiga como pastores utilizam discursos religiosos para justificar e perpetuar o abuso sexual contra meninas e mulheres, analisando as dinâmicas de poder e os desdobramentos simbólicos dessa prática sobre as que sofreram violências. O argumento central é compreender a relação entre a legitimação religiosa e o abuso sexual, a partir das trajetórias de mulheres evangélicas adultas que foram abusadas sexualmente na infância ou juventude por pastores. Como objetivos específicos, propõe-se a: a) apresentar o percurso teórico e metodológico da pesquisa, delineando a delimitação do tema, a problemática, os objetivos e a justificativa, além de expor as hipóteses e o referencial teórico; b) analisar como a religião tem sido utilizada para autorizar a violência sexual e subsidiar normas de gênero opressoras e um panorama das violências contra as mulheres no Brasil, com ênfase nas interseções entre religião, raça e poder; c) categorizar as interferências do abuso sexual no cenário religioso, identificando suas particularidades e evidenciando a influência do patriarcado; d) descrever as vivências e memórias de mulheres, com foco na instrumentalização da religião para justificar os abusos sofridos. Adotando-se uma abordagem qualitativa, foram utilizados a análise de conteúdo para identificar categorias temáticas e padrões discursivos, e a análise temática para aprofundar a interpretação dos significados e nuances das narrativas. Os dados obtidos fundamentam-se no estudo aprofundado da história de vida de uma mulher evangélica, que aos 14 anos foi abusada sexualmente por um pastor nas dependências da igreja. A dificuldade em encontrar participantes dispostas a compartilhar suas experiências ressalta a influência do silenciamento religioso e a complexidade do fato. Os resultados indicam que discursos religiosos, associados a hierarquias patriarcais, criam condições para a legitimação do abuso sexual e dificultam sua denúncia. Além disso, revelam as repercussões emocionais, espirituais e sociais sobre a que sofreu a violência, bem como as estratégias de resistência e ressignificação da fé adotadas por ela. A pesquisa contribui para o aprofundamento do entendimento sobre as interseções entre religião, patriarcado e abuso sexual, destacando a necessidade de desconstruir práticas e discursos que silenciam essas violências. Conclui-se que a superação do patriarcado religioso e a promoção de uma espiritualidade inclusiva são essenciais para a criação de espaços seguros dentro das comunidades de fé, onde o abuso sexual não encontre validação nem refúgio.
The religious legitimization of sexual abuse is a complex phenomenon with profound sociological implications, especially in the context of Brazilian evangelical churches. This study investigates how pastors use religious discourses to justify and perpetuate sexual abuse against girls and women, analyzing the power dynamics and symbolic consequences of this practice for those who have suffered violence. The central argument is to understand the relationship between religious legitimization and sexual abuse, based on the trajectories of adult evangelical women who were sexually abused in childhood or youth by pastors. The specific objectives are: a) to present the theoretical and methodological path of the research, outlining the delimitation of the theme, the problem, the objectives and the justification, in addition to presenting the hypotheses and the theoretical framework; b) to analyze how religion has been used to authorize sexual violence and subsidize oppressive gender norms and an overview of violence against women in Brazil, with an emphasis on the intersections between religion, race and power; c) categorize the interferences of sexual abuse in the religious scenario, identifying its particularities and highlighting the influence of patriarchy; d) describe the experiences and memories of women, focusing on the instrumentalization of religion to justify the abuses suffered. Adopting a qualitative approach, content analysis was used to identify thematic categories and discursive patterns, and thematic analysis to deepen the interpretation of the meanings and nuances of the narratives. The data obtained are based on the in-depth study of the life story of an evangelical woman, who at the age of 14 was sexually abused by a pastor on the premises of the church. The difficulty in finding participants willing to share their experiences highlights the influence of religious silencing and the complexity of the fact. The results indicate that religious discourses, associated with patriarchal hierarchies, create conditions for the legitimization of sexual abuse and make it difficult to report it. In addition, they reveal the emotional, spiritual and social repercussions on the victim of the violence, as well as the strategies of resistance and resignification of faith adopted by her. The research contributes to a deeper understanding of the intersections between religion, patriarchy and sexual abuse, highlighting the need to deconstruct practices and discourses that silence these acts of violence. It is concluded that overcoming religious patriarchy and promoting an inclusive spirituality are essential to creating safe spaces within faith communities, where sexual abuse does not find validation or refuge.
The religious legitimization of sexual abuse is a complex phenomenon with profound sociological implications, especially in the context of Brazilian evangelical churches. This study investigates how pastors use religious discourses to justify and perpetuate sexual abuse against girls and women, analyzing the power dynamics and symbolic consequences of this practice for those who have suffered violence. The central argument is to understand the relationship between religious legitimization and sexual abuse, based on the trajectories of adult evangelical women who were sexually abused in childhood or youth by pastors. The specific objectives are: a) to present the theoretical and methodological path of the research, outlining the delimitation of the theme, the problem, the objectives and the justification, in addition to presenting the hypotheses and the theoretical framework; b) to analyze how religion has been used to authorize sexual violence and subsidize oppressive gender norms and an overview of violence against women in Brazil, with an emphasis on the intersections between religion, race and power; c) categorize the interferences of sexual abuse in the religious scenario, identifying its particularities and highlighting the influence of patriarchy; d) describe the experiences and memories of women, focusing on the instrumentalization of religion to justify the abuses suffered. Adopting a qualitative approach, content analysis was used to identify thematic categories and discursive patterns, and thematic analysis to deepen the interpretation of the meanings and nuances of the narratives. The data obtained are based on the in-depth study of the life story of an evangelical woman, who at the age of 14 was sexually abused by a pastor on the premises of the church. The difficulty in finding participants willing to share their experiences highlights the influence of religious silencing and the complexity of the fact. The results indicate that religious discourses, associated with patriarchal hierarchies, create conditions for the legitimization of sexual abuse and make it difficult to report it. In addition, they reveal the emotional, spiritual and social repercussions on the victim of the violence, as well as the strategies of resistance and resignification of faith adopted by her. The research contributes to a deeper understanding of the intersections between religion, patriarchy and sexual abuse, highlighting the need to deconstruct practices and discourses that silence these acts of violence. It is concluded that overcoming religious patriarchy and promoting an inclusive spirituality are essential to creating safe spaces within faith communities, where sexual abuse does not find validation or refuge.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Legitimação religiosa, Abuso sexual, Mulheres evangélicas, Pastor, Patriarcado, Religious legitimization, Sexual abuse, Evangelical women, Patriarchy
Citação
FREITAS, Janaína Brito de Assis. Trajetórias e memórias de mulheres evangélicas: a legitimação religiosa do abuso sexual em discursos pastorais. 2025. 178 folhas. Dissertação (Ciências da Religião) - Diretoria de Pós-Graduação e Pesquisa, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Religião da Universidade Metodista de São Paulo, São Bernardo do Campo, 2025.