Desafios, perspectivas e saberes necessários à docência contemporânea do direito
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2023-12-11
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Universidade Metodista de São Paulo
Resumo
O objetivo geral desta tese é investigar o conhecimento sobre aspectos didáticos e pedagógicos do professor de Direito do século XXI, considerando conceitos, recursos, influências e perspectivas que envolvem as tecnologias digitais conhecidas por seu corpo discente. Justificou-se o estudo pelo fato de grande parte dos professores universitários deste segmento ainda se opor a operar as TDIC (tecnologias da informação e comunicação) em suas aulas, o que dificulta a comunicação com o alunado que tem nas ferramentas tecnológicas seu modus vivendi. Soma-se o fato de o professor do Direito não receber, na formação acadêmica, conhecimento didático-pedagógico, o que dificulta a empatia necessária à ensinagem. Encontramos motivação em empreender este estudo pela oportunidade em discutir sobre os benefícios que as práticas pedagógicas utilizando as TIDC agregam na empatia entre docente e aluno. A investigação respondeu à questão problematizadora: “A Pandemia Covid-19, ao impor ao professor de Direito a utilização das ferramentas que tornaram possível o ensino remoto emergencial, pôde ser entendida como uma oportunidade à sua formação continuada”. A metodologia de pesquisa científica é de natureza qualitativa, espécie estudo de caso, método indutivo, de natureza exploratória-descritiva, tendo como base a pesquisa bibliográfica. Como corpus foram aplicados questionário Google Forms com respondência virtual pelos 17 professores do Curso de Direito de uma Universidade do Grande ABC; em uma segunda fase, foi realizada entrevista pessoal com os nove respondentes do questionário Forms. A revisão de estudos anteriores, entre os anos de 2020-2022, foi realizada nas bibliotecas virtuais: Banco de Teses e Dissertações da Universidade Metodista de São Paulo; Catálogo de Teses e Dissertações da Capes; Plataformas Scielo e Google Acadêmico. Dá sustentação à pesquisa o arcabouço teórico das áreas da educação, pedagogia, direito, sociologia e tecnologias: Freire, 1997; Masetto, 2000 a 2021; Senhoras, 2020; Fior e Martins, 2020; Harasim, 2015; Tavares et al, 2020; Frazão e Mulholland, 2019, Pimenta e Anastasiou, 2014, entre outros. Os resultados confirmam o proposto como objetivo principal: (i) são essenciais os conhecimentos didáticos-pedagógicos aos docentes dos cursos de Direito, visando alcançar o objetivo de educação qualificada e pertinente ao século XXI. Também, (ii) que a pandemia Covid-19 surtiu um aspecto positivo dentro do caos imposto ao mundo, ao exigir do professor de Direito a ruptura com alguns de seus paradigmas, com a consequente e compulsória utilização dos aparatos e plataformas que viabilizaram as aulas remotas e a continuidade de sua formação, fato que não foi aproveitado por todos aqueles que tiveram essa possibilidade. Ainda, (iii) a empatia professor-aluno é mais facilmente alcançada quando o docente utiliza, em suas práticas pedagógicas no ensino do Direito, artefatos tecnológicos com os quais o corpo discente, nativo do século XXI, habitualmente interage.
The general objective of this thesis is to investigate the knowledge of the didactic and pedagogical aspects of the 21st century law professor, considering concepts, resources, influences and perspectives that involve the digital technologies known by their students. The study was justified by the fact that most university professors in this segment are still opposed to using ICT (information and communication technologies) in their classes, which makes it difficult to communicate with students who use technological tools as their modus vivendi. This is compounded by the fact that law teachers do not receive didactic-pedagogical knowledge during their academic training, which makes it difficult to develop the empathy necessary for teaching. We were motivated to undertake this study by the opportunity to discuss the benefits that pedagogical practices using ICT can bring to empathy between teacher and student. The investigation answered the question: "The Covid-19 pandemic, by imposing on law teachers the use of tools that made emergency remote teaching possible, could be understood as an opportunity for their continuing education." The scientific research methodology is qualitative in nature, case study, inductive method, exploratory-descriptive in nature, based on bibliographic research. A Google Forms questionnaire was used as the corpus, with 17 teachers from the law course at a university in the Greater ABC region answering virtually; in a second phase, a personal interview was carried out with the nine respondents to the Forms questionnaire. A review of previous studies between 2020-2022 was carried out in the virtual libraries: Banco de Teses e Dissertações da Universidade Metodista de São Paulo; Catálogo de Teses e Dissertações da Capes; Scielo and Google Scholar platforms. The theoretical framework from the areas of education, pedagogy, law, sociology, and technologies supports the research: Freire, 1997; Masetto, 2000 to 2021; Senhoras, 2020; Fior and Martins, 2020; Harasim, 2015; Tavares et al, 2020; Frazão and Mulholland, 2019, Pimenta and Anastasiou, 2014, among others. The results confirm what was proposed as the main objective: (i) didactic-pedagogical knowledge is essential for teachers on law courses, in order to achieve the goal of qualified education that is relevant to the 21st century. Also, (ii) that the Covid-19 pandemic has had a positive impact on the chaos imposed on the world, by requiring law professors to break with some of their paradigms, with the consequent and compulsory use of the devices and platforms that made remote classes possible and the continuity of their training, a fact that was not taken advantage of by all those who had this possibility. Furthermore, (iii) teacher-student empathy is more easily achieved when teachers use technological artifacts in their pedagogical practices in law teaching, with which the student body, native to the 21st century, usually interacts.
The general objective of this thesis is to investigate the knowledge of the didactic and pedagogical aspects of the 21st century law professor, considering concepts, resources, influences and perspectives that involve the digital technologies known by their students. The study was justified by the fact that most university professors in this segment are still opposed to using ICT (information and communication technologies) in their classes, which makes it difficult to communicate with students who use technological tools as their modus vivendi. This is compounded by the fact that law teachers do not receive didactic-pedagogical knowledge during their academic training, which makes it difficult to develop the empathy necessary for teaching. We were motivated to undertake this study by the opportunity to discuss the benefits that pedagogical practices using ICT can bring to empathy between teacher and student. The investigation answered the question: "The Covid-19 pandemic, by imposing on law teachers the use of tools that made emergency remote teaching possible, could be understood as an opportunity for their continuing education." The scientific research methodology is qualitative in nature, case study, inductive method, exploratory-descriptive in nature, based on bibliographic research. A Google Forms questionnaire was used as the corpus, with 17 teachers from the law course at a university in the Greater ABC region answering virtually; in a second phase, a personal interview was carried out with the nine respondents to the Forms questionnaire. A review of previous studies between 2020-2022 was carried out in the virtual libraries: Banco de Teses e Dissertações da Universidade Metodista de São Paulo; Catálogo de Teses e Dissertações da Capes; Scielo and Google Scholar platforms. The theoretical framework from the areas of education, pedagogy, law, sociology, and technologies supports the research: Freire, 1997; Masetto, 2000 to 2021; Senhoras, 2020; Fior and Martins, 2020; Harasim, 2015; Tavares et al, 2020; Frazão and Mulholland, 2019, Pimenta and Anastasiou, 2014, among others. The results confirm what was proposed as the main objective: (i) didactic-pedagogical knowledge is essential for teachers on law courses, in order to achieve the goal of qualified education that is relevant to the 21st century. Also, (ii) that the Covid-19 pandemic has had a positive impact on the chaos imposed on the world, by requiring law professors to break with some of their paradigms, with the consequent and compulsory use of the devices and platforms that made remote classes possible and the continuity of their training, a fact that was not taken advantage of by all those who had this possibility. Furthermore, (iii) teacher-student empathy is more easily achieved when teachers use technological artifacts in their pedagogical practices in law teaching, with which the student body, native to the 21st century, usually interacts.
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Docência no Direito, Formação didático-pedagógica, Tecnologias Digitais, Pandemia Covid-19, Desafios, Perspectivas e saberes, Teaching in law, Didactic-pedagogical training, Digital technologies, Covid-19 pandemic, Challenges, Perspectives and knowledge habitually interacts