Ensino superior e experiências docentes no ensino remoto emergencial durante a pandemia da covid-19
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Data
2024-06-26
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Universidade Metodista de São Paulo
Resumo
A Organização Mundial da Saúde doravante OMS declarou, em 11 de março de 2020, a emergência por contaminação do coronavírus como uma situação pandêmica, classificando-a como pandemia da covid-19. A partir desse cenário pandêmico, os ensinos público e privado foram afetados com o fechamento das unidades, inserindo os alunos na modalidade de ensino remoto emergencial. A pandemia da covid-19 impactou os estudos de bilhões de estudantes em diferentes países, conforme a Organização das Nações Unidas para a Educação, a Ciência e a Cultura doravante UNESCO, agência da ONU responsável por acompanhar e apoiar a educação, comunicação e cultura no mundo. O objetivo geral, foi compreender a possibilidade da adaptação das práticas pedagógicas dos docentes, mediante as narrativas em cartas pedagógicas. Sendo três objetivos específicos, a saber: (i) mapear quais as práticas metodológicas dos professores durante a migração para o ensino remoto emergencial; (ii) descrever sob quais condições o ensino remoto emergencial ocorreu na Universidade Metodista de São Paulo doravante UMESP; e (iii) compreender a ressignificação por parte dos professores de suas práticas pedagógicas para melhoria da prática metodológica. Alguns questionamentos nortearam essa pesquisa, entre eles: Qual cenário os professores encontraram durante a covid-19? Qual a importância do professor em refletir sobre sua metodologia? Desta forma, define-se o seguinte problema de pesquisa: Quais percepções emergem das narrativas dos professores quando estes refletem sobre a sua própria prática pedagógica no período da covid-19? A escolha da metodologia baseia-se na pesquisa qualitativa em caráter exploratório com o uso da pesquisa narrativa e teve seu corpus constituído por 5 cartas pedagógicas escritas por professores de diferentes cursos de graduação da UMESP, fundamentado por MINAYO (2001), JOSSO (2006) e CONNELY; CLANDININ (2015). O arcabouço teórico que sustenta este trabalho são os estudos sobre tecnologias e educação a distância de PRETI (2011), BACICH; TANZI; TREVISAN (2015), VALENTE (2019;2020), os processos de ensino e aprendizagem e estratégias pedagógicas para o trabalho em sala de aula de MORAES; PAZ-KLAVA (2005), ANASTASIOU (2012), MORAN (2015), os estudos sobre autonomia, autorregulação e aprimoramento na aprendizagem de KENSKI (2004; 2005), MASETTO (2009), MARQUES (2021), o estudo sobre as cartas pedagógicas de LAROSSA (2002), CONNELLY; CLANDININ (2004) e NÓVOA (2009), além do estudo sobre a fundamentação legal a partir das publicações do MEC de 1971 a 2024. Como resultado, procurei refletir sobre a prática docente, oferecendo uma visão mais cuidadosa tanto do educador como indivíduo quanto da sua formação pessoal e profissional. Dessa forma, busquei evidenciar que as práticas pedagógicas compartilhadas na elaboração de cartas pedagógicas contribuem para a ressignificação e aperfeiçoamento das práticas pedagógicas no futuro.
The World Health Organization, henceforth WHO, declared, on March 11, 2020, the emergency due to coronavirus contamination as a pandemic situation, classifying it as a covid-19 pandemic. From this pandemic scenario, public and private education was affected with the closure of units, placing students in the emergency remote education modality. The covid-19 pandemic has impacted the studies of billions of students in different countries, according to the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, now UNESCO, the UN agency responsible for monitoring and supporting education, communication and culture in the world. The general objective was to understand the possibility of adapting teachers' pedagogical practices, through narratives in pedagogical letters. There are three specific objectives, namely: (i) mapping the methodological practices of teachers during the migration to emergency remote teaching; (ii) describe under what conditions emergency remote teaching took place at the Methodist University of São Paulo, henceforth UMESP; and (iii) understand the redefinition by teachers of their pedagogical practices to improve methodological practice. Some questions guided this research, including: What scenario did teachers encounter during covid-19? How important is it for the teacher to reflect on his methodology? In this way, the following research problem is defined: What perceptions emerge from teachers' narratives when they reflect on their own pedagogical practice during the covid-19 period? The choice of methodology is based on qualitative research in an exploratory nature with the use of narrative research and its corpus consisted of 5 pedagogical letters written by professors from different undergraduate courses at UMESP, based on MINAYO (2001), JOSSO (2006) and CONNELLY; CLANDININ (2015). The theoretical framework that supports this work are studies on technologies and distance education by PRETI (2011), BACICH; TANZI; TREVISAN (2015), VALENTE (2019;2020), the teaching and learning processes and pedagogical strategies for work in the MORAES classroom; PAZ-KLAVA (2005), ANASTASIOU (2012), MORAN (2015), the studies on autonomy, self-regulation and improvement in learning by KENSKI (2004; 2005), MASETTO (2009), MARQUES (2021), the study on letters pedagogical approaches by LAROSSA (2002), CONNELLY; CLANDININ (2004) and NÓVOA (2009), in addition to the study on the legal basis based on MEC publications from 1971 to 2024. As a result, I sought to reflect on teaching practice, offering a more careful view of both the educator as an individual and their personal and professional training. In this way, I sought to demonstrate that the pedagogical practices shared in the preparation of pedagogical letters contribute to the reframing and improvement of pedagogical practices in the future.
The World Health Organization, henceforth WHO, declared, on March 11, 2020, the emergency due to coronavirus contamination as a pandemic situation, classifying it as a covid-19 pandemic. From this pandemic scenario, public and private education was affected with the closure of units, placing students in the emergency remote education modality. The covid-19 pandemic has impacted the studies of billions of students in different countries, according to the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, now UNESCO, the UN agency responsible for monitoring and supporting education, communication and culture in the world. The general objective was to understand the possibility of adapting teachers' pedagogical practices, through narratives in pedagogical letters. There are three specific objectives, namely: (i) mapping the methodological practices of teachers during the migration to emergency remote teaching; (ii) describe under what conditions emergency remote teaching took place at the Methodist University of São Paulo, henceforth UMESP; and (iii) understand the redefinition by teachers of their pedagogical practices to improve methodological practice. Some questions guided this research, including: What scenario did teachers encounter during covid-19? How important is it for the teacher to reflect on his methodology? In this way, the following research problem is defined: What perceptions emerge from teachers' narratives when they reflect on their own pedagogical practice during the covid-19 period? The choice of methodology is based on qualitative research in an exploratory nature with the use of narrative research and its corpus consisted of 5 pedagogical letters written by professors from different undergraduate courses at UMESP, based on MINAYO (2001), JOSSO (2006) and CONNELLY; CLANDININ (2015). The theoretical framework that supports this work are studies on technologies and distance education by PRETI (2011), BACICH; TANZI; TREVISAN (2015), VALENTE (2019;2020), the teaching and learning processes and pedagogical strategies for work in the MORAES classroom; PAZ-KLAVA (2005), ANASTASIOU (2012), MORAN (2015), the studies on autonomy, self-regulation and improvement in learning by KENSKI (2004; 2005), MASETTO (2009), MARQUES (2021), the study on letters pedagogical approaches by LAROSSA (2002), CONNELLY; CLANDININ (2004) and NÓVOA (2009), in addition to the study on the legal basis based on MEC publications from 1971 to 2024. As a result, I sought to reflect on teaching practice, offering a more careful view of both the educator as an individual and their personal and professional training. In this way, I sought to demonstrate that the pedagogical practices shared in the preparation of pedagogical letters contribute to the reframing and improvement of pedagogical practices in the future.
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Palavras-chave
Ensino na pandemia covid-19, Ensino remoto emergencial, Cartas pedagógicas, Teaching during the covid-19 pandemic, Emergency remote teaching, Pedagogical letters