Formação em serviço no município de Juiz de Fora (2016-2018): olhares e perspectivas docentes
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2021-02-18
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Universidade Metodista de São Paulo
Resumo
Balizada em estudos sobre a formação de professores e professoras ao longo dos anos, a presente pesquisa, vinculada ao Grupo de Pesquisa “Políticas de Gestão Educacional e de Formação dos Profissionais da Educação”, na linha de Formação de Educadores, tem como foco a formação em serviço dos docentes do município de Juiz de Fora/MG. Os objetivos centrais da pesquisa foram mapear a programação formativa dos últimos três anos e compreender a percepção dos docentes, considerando os aspectos que contribuem para seu desenvolvimento profissional. Trata-se de pesquisa qualitativa com dados construídos a partir da análise documental, questionário e questões abertas, conforme as etapas seguintes:
i) análise de documentos disponibilizados pela rede municipal sobre palestras, oficinas e cursos oferecidos aos docentes nos últimos três anos; ii) questionário encaminhado a cem docentes, por meio eletrônico, da rede municipal, contemplando escolas centrais, periféricas e rurais; iii) questões abertas com oito docentes para aprofundamento do tema. A seleção dos docentes para entrevista, além do critério de localidade da instituição, considerou a representação de todas as áreas curriculares. Os dados, nos diferentes instrumentos, em função dos objetivos da pesquisa, foram analisados em uma abordagem que compreende a educação como prática social, que considera a complexidade do processo e suas relações, em uma realidade histórico-social que é contraditória e em permanente transformação. Aportamos nosso referencial, em uma perspectiva crítico-reflexiva, embasados em autores como Pimenta, Freire, Imbernón, Nóvoa. Compreendemos a trajetória formativa do professor/a – inicial e em serviço – aliada à sua experiência profissional contribui para a construção de saberes, considerando a unidade teoria-prática, desde que sejam consideradas nos planos de formação em serviço, suas necessidades, suas expectativas, seus conhecimentos, suas experiências, sua cultura, bem como a forma como compreendem o papel da educação no contexto mais amplo. Defendemos que a formação contínua em serviço somente produzirá transformações se proporcionar uma reflexão real dos professores sobre a prática no momento atual, de forma contextualizada e teoricamente fundamentada. A
pesquisa considerou que o Programa de Formação do município é uma importante ação das políticas públicas de formação em serviço e com muitos pontos positivos, seja pela diversidade de temáticas, seja pelo longo período em que vem se mantendo como compromisso com a educação pública municipal. Nesse processo formativo da SME, o desafio é promover a construção dos saberes docente a partir da significação social da profissão; da constante revisão dos significados sociais, da percepção do professor enquanto ator e autor, concedendo à atividade docente seus valores, de maneira a respeitar o seu modo de situar-se no mundo, de sua história de vida, suas representações, de seus saberes, suas relações com os outros, nas escolas nas quais o professor está inserido. A pesquisa apontou para a necessidade de repensar as políticas de formação contínua no município, uma vez que fatores como a falta de tempo, de adequação da temática e dissociação da teoria/prática emergiram ao longo do processo, indicando mudanças necessárias no programa de formação.
Based on studies on the training of teachers over the years, the present research, linked to the Research Group “Educational Management Policies and Training of Education Professionals”, in the line of Training of Educators, focuses on training in service of teachers in the municipality of Juiz de Fora / MG. The main objectives of the research were to map the formative programming of the last three years and to understand the teachers' perception, considering the aspects that contribute to their professional development. It is a qualitative research with data built from document analysis, questionnaire and open questions, according to the following steps: i) analysis of documents made available by the municipal network on lectures, workshops and courses offered to teachers in the last three years; ii) questionnaire sent to one hundred teachers, electronically, from the municipal network, covering central, peripheral and rural schools; iii) open questions with eight professors to deepen the theme. The selection of teachers for interview, in addition to the criterion of locality of the institution, considered the representation of all curricular areas. The data, in the different instruments, according to the research objectives, were analyzed in an approach that understands education as a social practice, which considers the complexity of the process and its relations, in a historical-social reality that is contradictory and in permanent transformation. We support our referential, in a critical-reflexive perspective, based on authors such as Pimenta, Freire, Imbernón, Nóvoa. We understand the formative trajectory of the teacher - initial and in service - combined with their professional experience contributes to the construction of knowledge, considering the theory-practice unit, as long as they are considered in service training plans, their needs, their expectations, their knowledge, their experiences, their culture, as well as how they understand the role of education in the broader context. We argue that continuous training in service will only produce changes if it provides a real reflection by teachers about the practice at the present time, in a contextualized and theoretically grounded way. The research considered that the Municipality's Training Program is an important action of public training policies in service and with many positive points, either due to the diversity of themes, or for the long period in which it has been maintained as a commitment to municipal public education. In this SME training process, the challenge is to promote the construction of teaching knowledge based on the social significance of the profession; the constant review of social meanings, the perception of the teacher as an actor and author, granting the teaching activity its values, in order to respect its way of situating itself in the world, its life history, its representations, its knowledge, their relations with others, in the schools in which the teacher is inserted. The research pointed to the need to rethink continuing education policies in the municipality, since factors such as lack of time, adequacy of the theme and dissociation of theory / practice emerged throughout the process, indicating necessary changes in the training program.
Based on studies on the training of teachers over the years, the present research, linked to the Research Group “Educational Management Policies and Training of Education Professionals”, in the line of Training of Educators, focuses on training in service of teachers in the municipality of Juiz de Fora / MG. The main objectives of the research were to map the formative programming of the last three years and to understand the teachers' perception, considering the aspects that contribute to their professional development. It is a qualitative research with data built from document analysis, questionnaire and open questions, according to the following steps: i) analysis of documents made available by the municipal network on lectures, workshops and courses offered to teachers in the last three years; ii) questionnaire sent to one hundred teachers, electronically, from the municipal network, covering central, peripheral and rural schools; iii) open questions with eight professors to deepen the theme. The selection of teachers for interview, in addition to the criterion of locality of the institution, considered the representation of all curricular areas. The data, in the different instruments, according to the research objectives, were analyzed in an approach that understands education as a social practice, which considers the complexity of the process and its relations, in a historical-social reality that is contradictory and in permanent transformation. We support our referential, in a critical-reflexive perspective, based on authors such as Pimenta, Freire, Imbernón, Nóvoa. We understand the formative trajectory of the teacher - initial and in service - combined with their professional experience contributes to the construction of knowledge, considering the theory-practice unit, as long as they are considered in service training plans, their needs, their expectations, their knowledge, their experiences, their culture, as well as how they understand the role of education in the broader context. We argue that continuous training in service will only produce changes if it provides a real reflection by teachers about the practice at the present time, in a contextualized and theoretically grounded way. The research considered that the Municipality's Training Program is an important action of public training policies in service and with many positive points, either due to the diversity of themes, or for the long period in which it has been maintained as a commitment to municipal public education. In this SME training process, the challenge is to promote the construction of teaching knowledge based on the social significance of the profession; the constant review of social meanings, the perception of the teacher as an actor and author, granting the teaching activity its values, in order to respect its way of situating itself in the world, its life history, its representations, its knowledge, their relations with others, in the schools in which the teacher is inserted. The research pointed to the need to rethink continuing education policies in the municipality, since factors such as lack of time, adequacy of the theme and dissociation of theory / practice emerged throughout the process, indicating necessary changes in the training program.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Ensino Fundamental, Formação de professores em serviço, Projeto de Formação Municipal, Elementary education, In-service teacher training, Municipal Training Project
Citação
MOZZER, Luciene Domenici. Formação em serviço no município de Juiz de Fora (2016-2018): olhares e perspectivas docentes. 2020. 364 folhas. Tese (Educação) - Universidade Metodista de São Paulo, São Bernardo do Campo.