Os sentidos da violência sexual contra as mulheres em situação de rua na região leste de São Paulo
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2021-03-12
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Universidade Metodista de São Paulo
Resumo
Dentre os elevados índices de mulheres que sofrem violência sexual, estão aquelas em situação de rua. Essas mulheres precisam de visibilidade e compreensão, visando aos direitos e à vida digna. Dessa forma, esta dissertação tem como objetivo identificar os sentidos da violência sexual contra mulheres em situação de rua. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa e descritiva, realizada com mulheres adultas e com profissionais que atendem essa demanda. O local da pesquisa foi uma instituição de assistência na região leste de São Paulo. Como instrumento de coleta de dados, foi realizado Grupo Focal e entrevista semi-estruturada. No primeiro momento, o grupo focal, da referida instituição, foi constituído por 8 participantes, sendo que somente 6 tiveram fala. Sua configuração se estruturou na compreensão sobre o que é violência sexual para o grupo, sobre a presença da violência sexual na vida das mulheres e sobre as estratégias de proteção nessas situações.Em um segundo momento, foram realizadas 4 entrevistas semi-estruturadas com funcionárias da equipe multiprofissional, sendo uma psicóloga, uma assistente social e dois educadores socio-educativos. As entrevistas foram realizadas remotamente, por meio de aplicativo digital. Os dados coletados foram categorizados por meio da Análise Temática, na qual se realizou geração de códigos iniciais, definição e nomeação de temas por padrões de significados. Dos resultados alcançados, verificou-se dois sentidos significativos ao fenômeno: as ações do Estado e a culpabilização das mulheres.O Estado não apresentou resposta suficiente para prevenção de ocorrência de casos de violência, e isso se revelou em: a) despreparo profissional da equipe no trato com demandas de violência; b) a falta de assistência governamental nos equipamentos de assistência e no enfrentamento às violências contra as mulheres, advindos e permeados da culpabilização feminina pelo fenômeno, destacaram-se: a) os modos de vestimenta e comportamentos das mulheres; b) expressões de crenças sobre a vulnerabilidade das mulheres advir da força física superior dos homens, o que recai às mulheres o dever de fugir e se esquivar de situações propícias à ocorrência; c) a dinâmica cíclica de relacionamentos abusivos nas quais as mulheres estão imersas e permitem-se a continuar nessas circunstâncias;
d) o uso abusivo de drogas como sustentação e justificativa da masculinidade; e) a violência do parceiro sendo utilizada como justificativa e poder para ação às outras violências. Diante desses dados, os sentidos apresentados pelas participantes são permeados de produção de subjetividade e de ações que atribuem às mulheres a responsabilidade do sofrimento. E, nos limites de serem parte da população de rua, elas estão relegadas a própria segurança individual e mantidas sob a negligência do Estado e da sociedade.
Among the high rates of women who suffer sexual violence are those on the street. These women need visibility and understanding, aiming at rights and a dignified life. Thus, this dissertation aims to identify the meanings of sexual violence against women on the street. It is a qualitative and descriptive research, carried out with adult women and professionals who meet this demand. The research site was an assistance institution in the eastern region of São Paulo. As a data collection instrument, a focus group and semi-structured interview were conducted. In the first moment, the focus group, of the referred institution, was constituted by 8 participants, being that only 6 had speech. Its configuration was structured in the understanding of what sexual violence is for the group, about the presence of sexual violence in the lives of women and about the protection strategies in these situations. In a second moment, 4 semi-structured interviews were carried out with employees of the multiprofessional team, being a psychologist, a social worker and two socio-educational educators. The interviews were conducted remotely, using a digital application. The collected data were categorized by means of Thematic Analysis, in which initial code generation, definition and naming of themes by patterns of meanings were carried out. From the results achieved, there were two significant meanings to the phenomenon: the actions of the State and the blaming of women. The State did not provide a sufficient response to prevent the occurrence of cases of violence, and this was revealed in: a) professional unpreparedness of the team in dealing with demands for violence; b) the lack of government assistance in the assistance equipment and in the fight against violence against women, arising and permeated by the female blame for the phenomenon, stood out: a) the modes of dress and behavior of women; b) expressions of beliefs about the vulnerability of women arising from the superior physical strength of men, which falls on women to flee and avoid situations conducive to the occurrence; c) the cyclical dynamics of abusive relationships in which women are immersed and allow themselves to continue in these circumstances; d) the abuse of drugs as a support and justification for masculinity; e) the partner's violence being used as a justification and power to act on other violence. d) the abuse of drugs as a support and justification for masculinity; e) the partner's violence being used as a justification and power to act on other violence. Given these data, the meanings presented by the participants are permeated by the production of subjectivity and actions that attribute the responsibility of suffering to women themselves. And, within the limits of being part of the street population, they are relegated solely to individual security and kept under the negligence of the State and society
Among the high rates of women who suffer sexual violence are those on the street. These women need visibility and understanding, aiming at rights and a dignified life. Thus, this dissertation aims to identify the meanings of sexual violence against women on the street. It is a qualitative and descriptive research, carried out with adult women and professionals who meet this demand. The research site was an assistance institution in the eastern region of São Paulo. As a data collection instrument, a focus group and semi-structured interview were conducted. In the first moment, the focus group, of the referred institution, was constituted by 8 participants, being that only 6 had speech. Its configuration was structured in the understanding of what sexual violence is for the group, about the presence of sexual violence in the lives of women and about the protection strategies in these situations. In a second moment, 4 semi-structured interviews were carried out with employees of the multiprofessional team, being a psychologist, a social worker and two socio-educational educators. The interviews were conducted remotely, using a digital application. The collected data were categorized by means of Thematic Analysis, in which initial code generation, definition and naming of themes by patterns of meanings were carried out. From the results achieved, there were two significant meanings to the phenomenon: the actions of the State and the blaming of women. The State did not provide a sufficient response to prevent the occurrence of cases of violence, and this was revealed in: a) professional unpreparedness of the team in dealing with demands for violence; b) the lack of government assistance in the assistance equipment and in the fight against violence against women, arising and permeated by the female blame for the phenomenon, stood out: a) the modes of dress and behavior of women; b) expressions of beliefs about the vulnerability of women arising from the superior physical strength of men, which falls on women to flee and avoid situations conducive to the occurrence; c) the cyclical dynamics of abusive relationships in which women are immersed and allow themselves to continue in these circumstances; d) the abuse of drugs as a support and justification for masculinity; e) the partner's violence being used as a justification and power to act on other violence. d) the abuse of drugs as a support and justification for masculinity; e) the partner's violence being used as a justification and power to act on other violence. Given these data, the meanings presented by the participants are permeated by the production of subjectivity and actions that attribute the responsibility of suffering to women themselves. And, within the limits of being part of the street population, they are relegated solely to individual security and kept under the negligence of the State and society
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Violência sexual, Violência contra mulheres, Violência e saúde, Moradora de rua, Sexual violence, Violence against women, Violence and health, Female homeless population
Citação
SILVA, Natália Marques Baptista. Os sentidos da violência sexual contra as mulheres em situação de rua na região leste de São Paulo. 2021. 100 folhas. Dissertação (Psicologia da Saúde) - Universidade Metodista de São Paulo, São Bernardo do Campo, 2021.